Breaking Failure Analysis – Recognize the 12 main bearing failure modes

This year at the BRCE event we are not only running a conference with high quality speakers in all aspects of Bearing Reliability and Maintenance. We are also opening up the exhibition area to the public with 8 x free workshop style sessions which will cover the following topics:

1.Understanding and using vibration sensors
2.Conducting machine alignment for improved machine performance
3.Using High frequency acoustics to control lubrication
4.Understanding viscosity and keeping your oil in a good working condition
5.Implementing Lubrication reliability
6.RCA an important ingredient of proactive maintenance
7.Bearing Failure Analysis
8.Bearing maintenance – the right tools for the job
9.The 12 different reasons why bearings fail
10.How to recognize these 12 bearing failure modes by examining damage bearing    wear patterns
11.Corrective actions to prevent the 12 failures from reoccurring
12.Visitors can also bring their own failed bearings and Per Arnold will analysis them

GST: Cheer for power sector; capital goods awaits final rates

Coal has been placed under 5% slab, capital goods will be under the 18% slab

New goods and services tax (GST) rate slabs for coal and capital goods are expected to bring cheer to the power sector. However, the fate of capital goods companies will still hinge on final rates for other industries and those on imports.

Coal, the key raw material for about 60 per cent of the power produced in the country, has been placed under the five per cent slab, while capital goods and intermediate industries will be under the 18 per cent slab.

Senior power sector executives said the five per cent rate for coal, down from 11.7 per cent in the current tax regime, was a major breather as it would help reduce the final tariff, which would be passed on to the consumers. 

“We were paying six per cent excise duty and other cess and taxes over and above it. We are guessing the new five per cent rate does not have the coal royalty amount subsumed, hence would still be lower than current rate,” said a senior executive at NTPC, the country’s largest power generating company. 

The company, he said, would be able to determine the exact impact only after understanding the fine print.  A Delhi-based power sector analyst said, “This is in line with the efforts of the government to not let power prices increase for consumers. A major component of the power rate will now be uniform.”

At the same time, capital goods falling in the 18 per cent tax slab would also help the power project developers to reduce their cost, and hence the capacity charge will reduce. “Over the excise duty of 12 per cent, we were paying two to three per cent central sales tax and differential VAT. Now a single 18 per cent rate would have a positive bearing on project finances,” said an executive with a power generating company.

Engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) companies, such as Bharat Heavy Electricals, Larsen & Toubro, etc, are among the firms that will see the impact of GST rates.

“The drop in rates to 18 per cent will surely help the capital goods industry in a big way, helping improve revenue and the margin bit,” said Suresh Nandlal Rohira, partner, Grant Thornton India LLP. 

A senior executive from a heavy goods manufacturing company pointed out that most of the benefits would be passed on to clients. “These rates are provisional and the fine print is awaited. So, to what extent there will be a real impact needs to be seen. In most cases, projects operate on a full pass though basis. So, recovering costs isn’t much of a concern. Nevertheless, this is a sentiment booster for local manufacturing,” the executive said. 

But, not everyone is convinced. “The new rate slabs are a positive for engineering companies manufacturing and selling in the same state, but for those selling to companies in other states there is an effective increase of 3.5 per cent, which in most cases would be passed on to the end customers,” said M S Unnikrishnan, managing director and chief executive officer, Thermax. In addition, the capital goods industry may wait to know the larger impact of the new rates on its business operations.

“The capital goods industry would want to wait and watch for the roll out of rates for other industries, which would decide the order book growth or its lack thereof,” Rohira said. 

Steel, cement and other raw materials are also key to estimate procurement costs for capital goods manufacturers.  Executives in the steel sector said the new GST regime was positive for steel, based on initial calculations. Analysts also added that unless the customs duty is hiked significantly on engineering imports, it might not move the needle much for domestic manufacturers.

What bearing would GST have on startups?

The biggest tax reform in independent India is on way to implementation with a four-slab structure proposed by the government. The Goods and Services Tax or GST is essentially a single tax on the supply of goods and services, all the way from manufacturers to consumers. The final consumer will be charged GST by the last dealer in the supply chain. GST is a consumption tax, and will be applicable at the stage where a product is consumed rather than at various stages of production.

How will GST impact startups?

• Ease of doing business:

The main criterion for establishing ease of doing business in a country is the number of steps involved in setting up a business. Startups often end up spending most of their time in registering their company; getting service tax registrations, VAT registration in all states they will function out of among the various other procedures.

VAT registration from the sales tax department is mandatory to start a new business. Any business that operates in multiple states needs to comply with different procedures and fees structures. With GST being implemented, startups will need a single license. A centralised registration will also make the expansion process simpler.

GST will be a game-changer for startups. Entrepreneurs will need to get just one license before starting operations.

• Higher exemptions to new businesses:

Going by the existing structure in India, any company with revenue of over Rs 5 lakh needs to pay VAT. Once GST is implemented, the exemption will be pushed up to Rs 10 lakh. Any business that has a turnover between Rs 10 to 50 lakh will have lower tax slabs. More tax savings would simply mean more expansion.

“Big startups will not benefit from this exemption directly. …But smaller startups will definitely gain from GST. The bigger companies can in turn work with the smaller companies to benefit indirectly,” says Harish H V, Partner at Grant Thornton, a US-based accounting network.

• Taxation made simpler:

India’s complicated tax structure is not unheard of. Startups are often seen grappling with elaborate procedures and paper work. With GST, all the taxes will be integrated, easing out the process of taxation. With a better and simpler taxation system in place, India might just be able to retain its ‘startup hub’ tag as per NASSCOM’s Product Council report published in October.

“Once GST is in place, the economy will grow, which means more capital and more growth. Startups will need to operate efficiently to benefit from GST. Of course a simpler taxation system helps them grow better,” said Harish.

• Reduction in logistics cost:

Inter-state transportation of goods often takes more time than usual due to border tax and various check posts. GST will eliminate these taxes and make the process more cost-effective and faster. As per a CRISIL analysis, GST will reduce logistics costs of companies producing non-bulk goods (comprising all goods besides the primary bulk commodities transported by railways – coal, iron ore, cement, steel, food grains, fertilisers) by as much as 20%.

“Companies such as Flipkart, Amazon all are big on logistics. They will benefit a great deal. Cab aggregators like Ola and Uber will also leverage from GST,” said Harish.

But all good things come to an end. With startups benefitting from GST, there are also downsides of the tax regime.

Startups in the manufacturing sector will bear the brunt. Going by the existing laws, a manufacturing business that has a turnover less than Rs 1.50 crore is exempted from paying duty. However, with the implementation of GST, the turnover limit will be pulled down to Rs 25 lakh and making it tough for many startups.

E-commerce companies will have to file quarterly and monthly returns and pay tax on sales on their portals once GST comes into force.

Despite the few drawbacks, GST remains to be the friendliest tax reform in India. With GST, will come transparency, efficiency and more growth.

Source : - http://mbp-bearings.com/

Types and uses of Bearings:Mbp Bearings.com

A bearing is a machine element that constrains relative motion to only the desired motion, and reduces friction between moving parts. The design of the bearing may, for example, provide for free linear movement of the moving part or for free rotation around a fixed axis; or, it may prevent a motion by controlling the vectors of normal forces that bear on the moving parts. Most bearings facilitate the desired motion by minimizing friction. Bearings are classified broadly according to the type of operation, the motions allowed, or to the directions of the loads (forces) applied to the parts.The simplest form of bearing, the plain bearing, consists of a shaft rotating in a hole. Lubrication is often used to reduce friction. In the ball bearing and roller bearing, to prevent sliding friction, rolling elements such as rollers or balls with a circular cross-section are located between the races or journals of the bearing assembly. A wide variety of bearing designs exists to allow the demands of the application to be correctly met for maximum efficiency, reliability, durability and performance.The term "bearing" is derived from the verb "to bear" a bearing being a machine element that allows one part to bear another.The most sophisticated bearings for the most demanding applications are very precise devices; their manufacture requires some of the highest standards of current technology.

There are Some common types of bearing, each of which operates on different principles:-

• Plain bearing: Consisting of a shaft rotating in a hole. 
• Ball bearing: In which the rolling elements are spherical balls.
• Roller bearing: In which the rolling elements are cylindrical rollers.
• Magnetic bearing: In which the load is supported by a magnetic field.

Plain bearing:

A plain bearing is the simplest type of bearing, comprising just a bearing surface and no rolling elements. Therefore, the journal slides over the bearing surface. The simplest example of a plain bearing is a shaft rotating in a hole.Plain bearings, in general, are the least expensive type of bearing. They are also compact and lightweight, and they have a high load-carrying capacity.


Ball bearing:

A ball bearing is a type of rolling-element bearing that uses balls to maintain the separation between the bearing races.The purpose of a ball bearing is to reduce rotational friction and support radial and axial loads. It achieves this by using at least two races to contain the balls and transmit the loads through the balls.Ball bearings tend to have lower load capacity for their size than other kinds of rolling-element bearings due to the smaller contact area between the balls and races. However, they can tolerate some misalignment of the inner and outer races.


Roller bearing:

A rolling-element bearing, also known as a rolling bearing,is a bearing which carries a load by placing rolling elements between two bearing rings called races. The relative motion of the races causes the rolling elements to roll with very little rolling resistance and with little sliding.
A rolling element rotary bearing uses a shaft in a much larger hole, and cylinders called "rollers" tightly fill the space between the shaft and hole.Rolling-element bearings have the advantage of a good tradeoff between cost, size, weight, carrying capacity, durability, accuracy, friction, and so on.

Magnetic bearing:

A magnetic bearing is a bearing that supports a load using magnetic levitation. Magnetic bearings support moving parts without physical contact. For instance, they are able to levitate a rotating shaft and permit relative motion with very low friction and no mechanical wear. Magnetic bearings support the highest speeds of all kinds of bearing and have no maximum relative speed.Magnetic bearings are used in several industrial applications such as electrical power generation, petroleum refinement, machine tool operation and natural gas handling.


Maintenance and lubrication


Many bearings require periodic maintenance to prevent premature failure, but many others require little maintenance. Nonsealed bearings often have a grease fitting, for periodic lubrication with a grease gun, or an oil cup for periodic filling with oil.Many bearings in high-cycle industrial operations need periodic lubrication and cleaning, and many require occasional adjustment, such as pre-load adjustment, to minimise the effects of wear.Bearing life is often much better when the bearing is kept clean and well lubricated. a good maintenance program might lubricate the bearings frequently but not include any disassembly for cleaning.


Company Name: MBP BEARINGS PVT. LTD.
Address: 902/290, SHALIMAR INDUSTRIAL AREA, NEAR LANE NO. 3,
MAIN ROAD, Delhi - 110088, India
Contact No:9350186486
Website: http://www.mbp-bearings.com

Some Fun Facts about Bearings

While it’s true that bearings might not come up in everyday conversations, they may never be the theme at Bingo night, or even come up during a heated game of trivia – but there are definitely a few things about bearings you don’t yet know, and they are far from boring!

Bearings Aren’t New Nowadays

Yes, there are many new ways we’ve found to implement the handy little buggers, but that’s not to say bearings haven’t in fact been around a very long time.

It’s easy to think that bearings just sprouted up out of nowhere as modern technology has risen in the last 50 years, but they’ve been around far longer than that.

Thousands of years ago, the ancient Egyptians used a form of roller bearings to build massive structures such as the great pyramids.

Remains of Roman ships dating back to 40 BC have been found with wooden ball bearings that supported rotating tables.

Bearings are Uses Everywhere

Did you ever hear the phrase, “a spider has eight legs and there’s always one within eight feet of you?” It would be easy to guess the same is true for bearings.

If you take a quick look around, you will notice bearings are everywhere, all around you. They’re in water heaters, microwaves, computers, airplanes, satellites, telescopes, washing machines, skateboards, and the list goes on and on.

Bearings are Perfect spherical object

In shape and structure, that is.

If you were to take it upon yourself to attempt to file down a ball bearing – in the how many licks does it take to get to the center of a lollipop kind of way – your file would be guaranteed to wear out long before the ball bearing ever does!

Secondly, they’re perfectly round. For a fun comparison – if you were to expand a ball bearing to match the size of the Earth, you would notice that the ball bearing would be more round than the Earth itself. This has to do with centrifugal forces pulling at the Earth, making it an oblate spheroid rather than a perfect spherical object.

Bearings Won the World’s First Bicycle Race

According to the New World Encyclopedia’s history of bearings: In August of 1869, the first French patent for ball bearings was received by Parisian bicycle mechanic Jules Suriray. Shortly after that, James Moore came in first place in the world’s first bicycle race, the Paris-Rouen, in November of 1869. His first place medal was no doubt thanks to the new bearings that had been fitted to his bike.

We Once Declared War on Bearings

During the Second World War, factories in Germany that manufactured ball bearings were often targeted to be destroyed. Reason being, the bearings were an essential part of the war industry in Germany, and thus destroying them gave the Allies a much needed headway. Schweinfurt was one location of a major bearings manufacturing plant that was targeted.

Bearings Make the World Go ‘Round'

Global demand is pushing bearing manufacturers to churn out more product, faster, with ever more innovative designs. As consumers and corporations demand more from technology, and the bearings market continues to grow, we’re sure to see bearings play an important role in our future.

Automotive Engine Bearings Market Ready for Growth in the Future

In an automobile internal combustion engine, the engine bearing is usually a journal or a plain bearing on which the crankshaft rotates. The function of a bearing is to hold the crankshaft in place and to prevent the dislodging of connecting rod from the crankshaft. The engine bearing also plays a vital role in prevention of the force created by the piston and its transmission to the crankshaft, instead using the forces for the conversion of the reciprocating movements into rotation. The bearing is considered as one of the most important components of the engine assembly and its proper functioning is necessary to maintain the overall efficiency of the automobile. Research and development is going on in the field of automotive engine bearings in order to innovate the best suitable bearings for longer life and improved performance of the engine.

The automobile engine parts and components have high wear and tear rate owing to its continuous operation to power the vehicle. The robust operation of the engine bearings is achieved if the material of construction possesses the properties such as high strength (wear resistance, cavitation resistance and load capacity) and softness (conformability, compatibility and embeddability).

Bearings Dynamics 

The market for automotive engine bearings exhibits a huge potential to grow, owing to the development and growth in the overall automotive sector. Moreover, in developed nations, high standard of living and rising disposable incomes have enabled consumers to use vehicles, which have all the aftermarket products fitted for the effective use of automobiles. Furthermore, growth in production of automobiles, is in turn, expected to fuel the growth of the automotive engine bearings market over the forecast period. The development in technology and research & development to produce more strong materials, which can sustain more load is also estimated to bolster the automotive engine bearings market growth. The replacement rate of the automotive engine bearings is high and thus automotive aftermarket holds a significant share in the automotive engine bearings market.

Bearings Segmentation

Automotive Engine Bearings Market Segmentation By Product Type – Ball Bearings, Roller Bearings, Plain Bearings, Others; By Sales Channel – Original Equipment Manufacturers, Independent Suppliers; By Vehicle Type – Passenger Cars, Light Commercial Vehicles, Heavy Commercial Vehicles, Two Wheelers

Bearings Regional Outlook

Asia Pacific shares in automotive engine bearings market owing to the large number of automobiles present in these regions. Consumers tend to equip their vehicles with durable and robust parts so that their vehicle is in good condition and also to avoid breakdown of engines. These conditions are expected to act as catalysts for the growth of the overall automotive engine bearings market over the forecast period. The BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) nations, which are the target markets of the automobile manufacturers will contribute significantly to the growth of the overall automotive engine bearings market over the forecast period. The automotive engine bearings market is projected to grow with a noteworthy CAGR owing to the increasing adoption of these systems in motorcycles and bikes globally.

Bearings Market Participants

ORS Bearings,MBP Bearings,ARB Bearings,RBC Bearings,RKB Bearings

Five Ways to Keep Roller Bearings Cool

Properly sized ball and roller bearings are well suited to heavy loads and high speeds. There’s little or no need to be concerned about temperature rises on bearings, at least not under “normal” operating conditions. But there are a host of different conditions that can raise the rolling elements’ temperature to the point where it becomes a problem. For example, exposure to extremely high loads and speeds, high ambient temperatures, and hot process fluids can be problematic. Here’s a look at the five factors engineers can adjust to keep bearings cools: bearing type, lubricant type, oil flow and level, and airflow.

Bearing type: There are several different reasons rolling-element bearing develop heat: microslip of rolling elements on races; hysteresis of rolling elements and race materials due to contact stresses; sliding between the separator and rolling elements or pilot surfaces; sliding between rollers and guide flanges; and shear and turbulence in the lubricant.

The amounts of heat from each of these sources vary widely depending on the bearing’s geometry, load, speed, and lubricant type, viscosity, and quantity. At light loads and high speeds, ball bearings generally run cooler than roller bearings; at lower speeds and higher loads, roller bearings may run cooler. Although the choice of bearing type usually depend on cost and life considerations, differences in temperature rise can also influence the decision in some situations.

Lubricant type: Grease lubrication provides simple design, low cost, and reliable operation, but it does not remove heat. Cooled oil, however, offers a positive means of heat control. It is particularly useful in applications such as gas turbines and pumps for hot liquids, situations in which process heat is introduced to the bearing. Lab tests indicate that bearing temperatures are nearly identical for oil-mist lubrication and grease lubrication.

Oil flow: Rolling-element bearings need only a thin film of oil for satisfactory lubrication. High flow rates cool the bearings but do not otherwise improve lubrication. The relationship between bearing temperature and oil flow rate, however, is complex. Although higher flow rates increase heat transfer, they also increase the amount of heat generated by turbulence and churning of the oil.

In general, bearing temperatures usually drop with increasing flow rates, then level off or even increase. In high-speed applications, such as gas turbines, most of the oil can be shuttled around the bearing to maintain cooling while reducing oil turbulence.

For preexisting machines, optimum oil flow can be determined experimentally. For new designs, computer simulation is called for, particularly for applications involving active heat sources.

Oil level: In systems using oil bath or splash lubrication, bearing temperatures are quite sensitive to the level of oil in the sump. The common practice of setting the nominal oil level at the center of the bottom ball bearing ( so oil depth or height, h, divided by the diameter of the ball bearing, d, is 0.5) will work in most instances. However, at extremely high speeds, even this level may not be enough. And if h/d is less than 0.5, you run the risk that imperfect maintenance or abnormal operating conditions will result in oil starvation and catastrophic bearing failure. In such cases, an oil flinger should be used. It provides an oil mist without requiring precise control of oil level.

Air flow: In systems that do not use recirculating oil, most bearing cooling is done through convection from the bearing housing to the ambient air. Because the convection coefficient is much higher for moving air than for still air, bearing temperatures can be significantly lowered by moving air around the housing. However, air flow should not be introduced inside the housing because it brings life-shortening dirt with it. Sealed grease-lubricated bearings help keep air out of the housing.

Air cooling is frequently used as a quick fix because it can be put in place without changing the design. In new designs, a better alternative is to add an axial-flow fan wheel mounted on the shaft extension. It not only moves cooling air over the housing, but also acts a heat sink on the shaft, preserving the sliding fit of the outer ring in the bearing housing.

Automotive Bearings Market Growth with Worldwide Industry

Bearings are used to enable rotational or linear movement, and to disable the unwanted friction and handling stress. Bearings are integrated in automotive to constrain the relative motion and allow desired motion, due to which, a vehicle can enhance its speed and efficiency. Vehicles have many rotating parts, and bearing are used in almost all parts. For example, axle bearings are used to enable wheel axles to turn.

The structure of bearing is simple, it has a ball, which has internal & external smooth metal surfaces, which helps bearings to move. The ball in the bearing is responsible for carrying the weight of the load, and load’s weight is responsible for giving a push to the bearing’s rotation.

There are different types of bearings used in the automotive, such as ball, roller & thrust bearings, housed units, needle roller bearings, plain bearings, plummer blocks, sleeves, slim section bearings, spherical roller bearings, etc. For instance, applications such as wheels and transmissions use roller bearings, as roller bearings support heavy-duty applications.

The demand for automotive bearings is growing with the increase in the automotive production globally, especially in the Asia Pacific and Western Europe. The demand for vehicles with technologically advanced solutions is fueling the growth for the global automotive bearings market. Growing demand for automotive bearing in developing countries and above factors are propelling the growth for global automotive bearings market.